卓越考研

比较 so 和 such
such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组， so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词 many ， few ， much ， little 连用，形成固定搭配。
so + adj. such + a ( n ) + n.
so + adj. + a ( n ) + n. such + n. ( pl. )
so + adj. + n. ( pl. ) such +n. ( pl. )
so + adj. + n. ( 不可数 ) such +n. ( 不可数 )
so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so many/ few flowers such nice flowers
so much/ little money. such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people
so many 已成固定搭配 ， a lot of 虽相当于 many ， 但 a lot of 为名词性的 ， 只能用 such搭配。 so … that 与 such … that 之间的转换即为 so 与 such 之间的转换。
 
 
 
感叹句：
感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）：感叹句通常由what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、愤怒等感情。
感叹句如何变换的，如何一一对应变换的
what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种：
掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。
1. How+形容词或副词+陈述语序
How lovely the baby is!
2. How +形容词+ a/an/the等限定词 +名词+陈述语序
How clever a boy he is!
3. What +不可数名词+陈述语序
What noise they are making!
4. What+ 形容词+不可数名词+陈述语序
What cold weather it is!
5. What+ a/an/the等限定词+形容词+名词+陈述语序
What a clever boy he is!
6. What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序
What wonderful ideas (we have)!
注：这里的陈述语序既可以是“代词+系动词或助动词或情态动词，也可以是名词+……”，且这里的陈述语序都可以省略。
感叹句的省略形式为：
What a clever boy (he is)!
典型例题
1）___ food you've cooked!
A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice
答案D. 由于How 修饰形容词，副词；what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词，因此A，B 排除。C How + adj. 后面不能再加名词，因此只有D正确，其句型为What + adj. +n. (不可数)
2）___terrible weather we've been having these days!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
答案A. weather为不可数名词，B，D排除。C为how + adj. 后面不应有名词。只有A，符合句型What +形容词+不可数名词。
3) --- _____ I had!
--- You really suffered a lot.
A. What a timeB. What time C. How a time D. How time
答案A.感叹句分两类：
1：What + n.+主谓部分
2：How + adj. / adv. / v.+主谓部分。本题属第一种，但省略了bad，相对于 What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。
 
 
 
 
 
强调句的用法
（一）强调句句型
 1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
 It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
 2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
 Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
 3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
 When and where was it that you were born?
4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
 强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
 强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
 强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
 强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
（二）not … until … 句型的强调句
1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分
普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
（三）谓语动词的强调
1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。